Antimatter

Let's first look at the Dirac Equation. The Dirac Equation combines special relativity and quantum mechanics, describing the behavior of an electron at a relativistic speed (A speed relative to an observer). For now, know that special relativity says that space and mass change depending on the motion of an observer.

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If you want to know more about special relativity, here's a video that I like.

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The Dirac equation has four solutions instead of the expected two for spin-up and spin-down electrons. The extra two solutions were negative, leading Dirac to propose the existence of antimatter, giving four solutions in total.

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An antimatter particle is the same as its matter counterpart, except for a few differences. An antimatter has an opposite electromagnetic charge, and its chirality is reversed. When matter and antimatter come into contact, they annihilate.

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When an electron and its anti-matter counterpart, a positron come into contact, they annihilate and emit two photons.